Federal taxesFiscal year 2025IRS Data Book
How much federal tax does Montana pay?
Montana paid $15.0 billion in federal taxes in FY2025: $13,071 per person, 24th of 51.That is what the IRS collected from individuals and businesses with an address in Montana in fiscal year 2025 (October 2024 to September 2025), before refunds. After $1.3 billion of refunds, $13.7 billion remained.
Montana ranks 24th of 51 for federal tax per person
IRS gross collections per resident, FY2025, 50 states and DC, highest to lowest. Dashed line: US average.
What the total is made of
Most federal tax is taken from pay. In Montana, income tax withheld by employers together with Social Security and Medicare payroll tax came to $10.8 billion, 72.3% of the total. The IRS reports withholding and payroll tax as one figure for each state, because employers pay them in together.
Corporate income tax was $269.0 million (1.8%), against 9.1% across all states. Corporate tax is counted at a company's principal office, so states with many head offices show more of it.
Where Montana's $15B of federal tax came from
IRS gross collections by type of tax, FY2025.
| Type of tax | FY2025 | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Income tax withheld + Social Security and Medicare payroll tax | $10.8 billion | 72.3% |
| Individual tax payments + self-employment tax | $3.7 billion | 24.4% |
| Corporate income tax | $269.0 million | 1.8% |
| Excise taxes | $22.8 million | 0.2% |
| Estate and trust income tax | $108.6 million | 0.7% |
| Estate tax | $72.7 million | 0.5% |
| Unemployment, railroad retirement and gift tax | $23.9 million | 0.2% |
Source: IRS Data Book Table 5.
Federal taxes paid in Montana by year
Montana: $15B in FY2025, up 135% on FY2019
IRS gross collections, FY2019–FY2025, nominal dollars.
Every year as a table, with refunds and per person
| Fiscal year | Gross collections | Refunds | After refunds | Per person | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2019 | $6.4B | $950.8M | $5.4B | – | – |
| FY2020 | $6.6B | $1.9B | $4.7B | $6,073 | 3.9% |
| FY2021 | $7.8B | $3.2B | $4.6B | $7,090 | 18.8% |
| FY2022 | $10.7B | $1.4B | $9.2B | $9,520 | 36.1% |
| FY2023 | $10.0B | $1.4B | $8.6B | $8,804 | -6.8% |
| FY2024 | $10.7B | $1.1B | $9.6B | $9,396 | 7.4% |
| FY2025 | $15.0B | $1.3B | $13.7B | $13,071 | 40.0% |
Source: IRS Data Book Tables 5 and 8 / 1-8.
Collections in Montana rose from $6.4 billion in FY2019 to $15.0 billion in FY2025. Across all states they rose 49% over the same years. The biggest one-year move was in FY2025 (+40%). Year-to-year swings can reflect when tax was paid, such as filing deadlines postponed after a disaster, rather than what was owed.
Is Montana a donor state?
For every $1 of federal tax the IRS collected in Montana in FY2025, $1.03 came back as federal contracts, grants, loans and direct payments ($15.4 billion in all, excluding Medicare). Across all states the figure was $0.76, so Montana gets more back than the typical state: 18th of 51, where 1st gets the most back per $1.
Per person, that is $13,071 of federal tax collected against $13,422 of federal awards. On this measure it is on the receiving side: more comes back, relative to the tax collected, than in most states. Where the money goes in Montana: federal money to Montana by agency and program. All states: donor states and taker states.
Federal awards per $1 of federal tax: Montana and its neighbours
FY2025. Dark bar: all states together.
| Idaho | $1.18 |
| Montana (this page) | $1.03 |
| North Dakota | $1.02 |
| Wyoming | $0.82 |
| South Dakota | $0.79 |
| All states | $0.76 |
How this is measured, and what it leaves out
How Montana compares
Federal tax per person: Montana and its neighbouring states
IRS gross collections per resident, FY2025. Dark bar: US average.
| US average (50 states + DC) | $15,462 |
| South Dakota | $15,406 |
| Wyoming | $14,557 |
| Montana (this page) | $13,071 |
| North Dakota | $12,865 |
| Idaho | $9,097 |
Questions and answers
- How much federal tax does Montana pay?
- The IRS collected $15.0 billion in federal taxes in Montana in fiscal year 2025 (gross collections, before $1.3 billion of refunds), according to the IRS Data Book. That is 0.3% of the total for the 50 states and DC.
- How much federal tax does Montana pay per person?
- About $13,071 per resident in FY2025, using the Census Bureau's July 2025 population estimate of 1,144,694. The average for the 50 states and DC was $15,462.
- Where does Montana rank for federal taxes?
- 42nd of 51 by total and 24th per person in FY2025 (50 states and DC).
- Is Montana a donor state?
- On the IRS and USAspending figures for FY2025, Montana received $1.03 in federal awards for every $1 of federal tax collected there, against $0.76 for all states together, so it gets more back than the typical state (18th of 51). Medicare, federal salaries and interest are not in the awards figure.
- Did Montana pay more federal tax in 2025 than in 2024?
- Yes. Gross collections were $15.0 billion in FY2025 against $10.7 billion in FY2024, a change of 40.0%.
Sources and notes
- Internal Revenue Service, SOI Tax Stats, IRS Data Book Table 5 (gross collections by type of tax and state), FY2019–FY2025. Amounts are gross collections, including penalties and interest, before refunds. The IRS assigns them to the filer's address; for businesses, the principal office. Public domain. Retrieved 2026-10-07.
- Internal Revenue Service, IRS Data Book Table 8 / Table 1-8 (amount of refunds issued, including interest and refundable credits, by state), FY2019–FY2025. Public domain.
- USAspending.gov (U.S. Treasury): federal contract, grant, loan and direct-payment obligations by place of performance, excluding Medicare. Public domain.
- U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 population estimates (July 1 of each year), used for per-person figures.
- How the site works and what each dataset leaves out: sources and methods.